Fractal Antenna Systems has filed a patent request with the US Patent Office for its latest innovation that combines antennas and energy collectors for a more efficient wireless experience.
The new invention is called an “aperture engine”, which is a sandwich-layer that merges the antenna and energy/solar cell collection along with a receiver /transmitter. In an aperture engine, the same area that collects energy also receives and/or transmits it. The aperture collects energy and converts it into new useful form i.e. radio waves. It is an ‘engine’ built from an aperture.
The idea of an aperture engine has its roots over 20 years ago, when co-inventor Nathan Cohen, an astrophysicist, surmised that extraterrestrial civilizations, in SETI, might capture light from a surface and also use that same surface as an antenna to make cosmic radio transmissions. This way it would be self-powered. An extraterrestrial civilization could be envisioned using an aperture engine the size of a small field, to transmit across the galaxy.
Out of this world ideas are not inventions, and 10 years ago, Cohen pursued how to make an Earth-bound aperture engine. The need was born with the fact that machines required to communicate wirelessly to one another, with no room for separate antennas. Cohen arrived at an enablement of the cosmic idea, using fractal antennas.
In a typical aperture engine, light passes through a fractal-based microwave antenna array, whose reduced element size allows substantial transparency for light to pass through, to energize a lower layer of solar cells. The collected energy may be stored in a battery or directly power the attached receiver or transmitter, which respectively detects or transmits microwaves back through the antenna.
Aperture engines can have a great impact in a number of areas - sensors can be bandage-like devices placed on machinery, harvesting energy, and communicating wirelessly for efficient usage, saving energy and cost. Motors and generators can be controlled without wires from across the globe. Space satellites can leverage smaller size by having the slabs of solar cells incorporating thin-layering antennas for communicating back to the ground, saving weight and form factor, and decreasing drag. Surveillance systems can now be self-powered and send monitoring information using a nearly flat, conformal section of a wall, pillar, or other support structure. Many microwave relays can now be unobtrusive, self-powered slabs built into the aesthetic of buildings.
The firm expects to see the first products from the new patent within a year, targeting the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart cities markets, where remote control and sensing have become important.
