Overview of Full-Dimension MIMO in LTE-Advanced Pro

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with large number of basestation antennas, often called massive MIMO systems, have received much attention in academia and industry as a means to improve the spectral efficiency, energy efficiency, and processing complexity. Mobile communication industry has initiated a feasibility study to meet the increasing demand of future wireless systems.

Field trials of the proof-of-concept systems have demonstrated the potential gain of the Full-Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) and 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) standard body has initiated the standardization activity for the seamless integration of this technology into current 4G LTE systems. A study item, process done before a formal standardization process, has been completed in June 2015 and the follow up work item process will be finalized shortly for the formal standardization of Release 13. In this article, we provide an overview of the FD-MIMO system, with emphasis on the discussion and debate conducted on standardization process of Release 13. We present key features for FD-MIMO systems, summary of the major issues for the standardization and practical system design, and performance evaluation for typical FD-MIMO scenarios.